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          LV11-02-CGIC库-01-移植过程
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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<h1 id="一、CGI和-CGIC"><a href="#一、CGI和-CGIC" class="headerlink" title="一、CGI和 CGIC "></a><font size=3>一、CGI和 CGIC </font></h1><h2 id="1-CGI"><a href="#1-CGI" class="headerlink" title="1. CGI"></a><font size=3>1. CGI</font></h2><p> CGI(Common Gateway Interface) 是WWW技术中最重要的技术之一，有着不可替代的重要地位。CGI是<strong>外部应用程序（CGI程序）与Web服务器之间的接口标准</strong>，是在CGI程序和Web服务器之间传递信息的过程。CGI规范允许Web服务器执行外部程序，并将它们的输出发送给Web浏览器，CGI将Web的一组简单的静态超媒体文档变成一个完整的新的交互式媒体。在物理上是一段程序，运行在服务器上，提供同客户端HTML页面的接口。浏览器把这些信息传送到服务器的CGI目录下特定的CGI程序中，于是CGI程序在服务器上按照预定的方法进行处理。</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV11-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%96%B9%E5%BA%93/LV11-02-CGIC%E5%BA%93-01-%E7%A7%BB%E6%A4%8D%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B/img/image-20220921102644761.png" alt="image-20220921102644761" style="zoom:33%;" />

<p>CGI程序可以运行在 BOA 服务器中，我们通过 CGI 接口可以实现 C 语言与 HTML语言数据的交互，意思就是我们可以通过CGI，将C语言程序中的数据写入到网页中，也可以通过CGI，让C语言程序接收网页端的数据，这样就打通了C语言与HTML之间沟通的桥梁。</p>
<h2 id="2-CGIC"><a href="#2-CGIC" class="headerlink" title="2. CGIC"></a><font size=3>2. CGIC</font></h2><p> CGIC 是一个支持 CGI 开发的开放源码的标准 C 库，可以免费使用，只需要在开发的站点和程序文档中有个公开声明即可，表明程序使用了 CGIC 库，用户也可以购买商业授权而无需公开声明。</p>
<p> CGIC 能够提供以下功能：</p>
<ul>
<li>分析数据，并自动校正一些有缺陷的浏览器发来的数据；</li>
<li>透明接收用 GET 或  POST 方法发来的 Form 数据；</li>
<li>能接受上传文件；</li>
<li>能够设置和接收 cookies ；</li>
<li>用一致的方式处理 From 元素里的回车；</li>
<li>提供字符串，整数，浮点数，单选或多选功能来接收数据；</li>
<li>提供数字字段的边界检查；</li>
<li>能够将 CGI 环境变量转化成 C 中的非空字符串；</li>
<li>提供 CGI 程序的调试手段，能够回放 CGI 程序执行时的 CGI 状态；</li>
</ul>
<p>总之， CGIC 是一个功能比较强大的支持 CGI 开发的标准 C 库，并支持 Linux ,  Unix  和 Windows 等多操作系统。</p>
<h1 id="二、文件准备"><a href="#二、文件准备" class="headerlink" title="二、文件准备"></a><font size=3>二、文件准备</font></h1><h2 id="1-CGIC-源码"><a href="#1-CGIC-源码" class="headerlink" title="1. CGIC 源码"></a><font size=3>1. CGIC 源码</font></h2><h3 id="1-1-源码获取途径"><a href="#1-1-源码获取途径" class="headerlink" title="1.1 源码获取途径"></a><font size=3>1.1 源码获取途径</font></h3><p>比较尴尬，网上很多教程都写了 CGIC 的官网地址，但是吧，不清楚为啥，点进去找不到源码，似乎网站都不对，就去 github 试了试，发现官方仓库在这里：<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/boutell/cgic">boutell&#x2F;cgic: cgic: an ANSI C library for CGI Programming (github.com)  <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></p>
<p>所以就从 github 下载源码喽，我写这篇笔记的时候最新的已经是 2.08 版本，目前还未找到老版本在哪下载，就先用这老师给的 cgic205.tar.gz 这个压缩包的文件啦。可以在这里下载：</p>
<table>
    <tr><td align="left">cgic205.tar.gz</td><td align="left"><a href="https://wwz.lanzouy.com/iRoBi0b37hji" target="_blank">CGIC库（密码:2gh6） <i class="fa fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></td></tr>
</table>




<h3 id="1-2-获取源码文件"><a href="#1-2-获取源码文件" class="headerlink" title="1.2 获取源码文件"></a><font size=3>1.2 获取源码文件</font></h3><p>下载 cgic205.tar.gz 这个压缩包并将其存放于 ubuntu 下的共享文件夹下，路径为：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/mnt/hgfs/Sharedfiles/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h3 id="1-3-拷贝解压"><a href="#1-3-拷贝解压" class="headerlink" title="1.3 拷贝解压"></a><font size=3>1.3 拷贝解压</font></h3><p>然后我们可以将这个源码文件拷贝解压到 ubuntu 中，方便后边编译，我们可以在终端执行以下命令：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cp /mnt/hgfs/Sharedfiles/cgic205.tar.gz ~/6temp/      # 拷贝压缩包</span><br><span class="line">cd ~/6temp/</span><br><span class="line">tar -xvf cgic205.tar.gz                               # 解压</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后我们可以得到下边这些文件（通过 tree 命令查看）：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">hk@vm:~/6temp/cgic205$ tree</span><br><span class="line">.</span><br><span class="line">├── capture.c</span><br><span class="line">├── cgic.c</span><br><span class="line">├── cgic.h</span><br><span class="line">├── cgic.html</span><br><span class="line">├── cgictest.c</span><br><span class="line">├── license.txt</span><br><span class="line">├── Makefile</span><br><span class="line">├── readme.txt</span><br><span class="line">└── support.txt</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">0 directories, 9 files</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="2-文件分析"><a href="#2-文件分析" class="headerlink" title="2. 文件分析"></a><font size=3>2. 文件分析</font></h2><p>上边我们已经看了下 CGIC 解压后的文件，文件不多，各个文件作用如下：</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>文件名</th>
<th>说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td>cgic.h</td>
<td>头文件</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cgic.c</td>
<td>CGIC的源代码文件</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>cgictest.c</td>
<td>CGIC库的作者提供的一个CGI程序例子</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>capture.c</td>
<td>用于调试CGI程序的工具</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Makefile</td>
<td>安装CGIC的脚本文件</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p>可以看到，整个库实际上就是 cgic.c 一个文件，可以说是非常的精炼。可以把 CGIC 安装为操作系统的一个动态链接库，这样我们每次编译的时候，就不需要有 cgic.c 这个源文件了。但是由于需要，我们在后续使用过程中可能会修改 cgic.c 代码，所以我们不把它安装进系统。每次编译的时候，只要把 cgic.c 和 cgic.h 放到当前文件夹就好了。</p>
<h1 id="二、-CGIC-移植"><a href="#二、-CGIC-移植" class="headerlink" title="二、 CGIC 移植"></a><font size=3>二、 CGIC 移植</font></h1><h2 id="1-Makefile-修改"><a href="#1-Makefile-修改" class="headerlink" title="1. Makefile 修改"></a><font size=3>1. Makefile 修改</font></h2><p>其实这个库我们并不需要怎么移植，只需要更换一下 Makefile 中的编译工具就可以了，便于我们使用即可，修改过的 Makefile 如下：</p>
<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看详情 </summary>
              <div class='content'>
              <figure class="highlight c"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">##============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"># Copyright © hk. <span class="number">2022</span><span class="number">-2025.</span> All rights reserved.</span><br><span class="line"># File name  : Makefile</span><br><span class="line"># Author     : qidaink</span><br><span class="line"># Date       : <span class="number">2022</span><span class="number">-09</span><span class="number">-05</span></span><br><span class="line"># Version    : </span><br><span class="line"># Description: CGIC Makefile(修改后便于自己使用)</span><br><span class="line"># Others     : mingw32 and cygwin users: replace .cgi with .exe</span><br><span class="line"># Log        : </span><br><span class="line">##============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line">##</span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"># 编译工具</span><br><span class="line">ifeq ($(ARCH), arm)</span><br><span class="line">CROSS_COMPILE           := arm-none-linux-gnueabi-</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">else</span></span><br><span class="line">CROSS_COMPILE           :=</span><br><span class="line">endif</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">CFLAGS                  := -g -Wall</span><br><span class="line">CC                      := $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc</span><br><span class="line">AR                      := $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar</span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line">ROOTFS                  := /home/hk/<span class="number">4</span>nfs/rootfs</span><br><span class="line">NFSBOA_CGIBIN           := $(ROOTFS)/boa/cgi-bin</span><br><span class="line">NFSBOA_WWWDIR           := $(ROOTFS)/boa/www</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">RANLIB                  := ranlib</span><br><span class="line">LIBS                    := -L./ -lcgic</span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"># 要生成的所有目标</span><br><span class="line">all: libcgic.a cgictest.cgi capture</span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================<span class="meta">#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta">install: libcgic.a</span></span><br><span class="line">	cp libcgic.a /usr/local/lib</span><br><span class="line">	cp cgic.h /usr/local/include</span><br><span class="line">	@echo libcgic.a is in /usr/local/lib. cgic.h is in /usr/local/include.</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"># libcgic.a目标编译生成</span></span><br><span class="line">libcgic.a: cgic.o cgic.h</span><br><span class="line">	rm -f libcgic.a</span><br><span class="line">	$(AR) rc libcgic.a cgic.o</span><br><span class="line">	$(RANLIB) libcgic.a</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"># cgictest.cgi 目标编译生成</span></span><br><span class="line">cgictest.cgi: cgictest.o libcgic.a</span><br><span class="line">	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) cgictest.o -o cgictest.cgi $&#123;LIBS&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"><span class="meta"># capture 目标编译生成</span></span><br><span class="line">capture: capture.o libcgic.a</span><br><span class="line">	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) capture.o -o capture $&#123;LIBS&#125;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"># 我们自定义目标编译生成</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#=============================================================================#</span><br><span class="line"># 拷贝到我们的开发板</span><br><span class="line">nfscpy:</span><br><span class="line">	mv *.o ./obj/</span><br><span class="line">	mv *.a *.cgi capture ./cgi-bin/</span><br><span class="line">	sudo cp ./cgi-bin<span class="comment">/* $(NFSBOA_CGIBIN)</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 清除编译生成的文件</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">.PHONY: clean</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">clean:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	rm -f *.o *.a obj/*.o cgi-bin/* cgictest.cgi capture</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">#=============================================================================#</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># 打印信息</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">print:</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;CC = $(CC)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;AR = $(AR)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;ROOTFS        = $(ROOTFS)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;NFSBOA_CGIBIN = $(NFSBOA_CGIBIN)&quot;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">	@echo &quot;NFSBOA_WWWDIR = $(NFSBOA_WWWDIR)&quot;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
              </div>
            </details>

<h2 id="2-编译源码"><a href="#2-编译源码" class="headerlink" title="2. 编译源码"></a><font size=3>2. 编译源码</font></h2><p>接下来就是用我们修改后的 makefile 来编译源码，我们执行：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make ARCH=arm # ARM 平台</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后在目录下就会生成三个目标文件。</p>
<h2 id="3-效果测试"><a href="#3-效果测试" class="headerlink" title="3. 效果测试"></a><font size=3>3. 效果测试</font></h2><ul>
<li>文件拷贝</li>
</ul>
<p>我们上边已经编写了拷贝命令，来自动完成 .a 文件和 .cgi 文件以及 capture 文件的拷贝这些文件都需要拷贝到 boa 服务器的 cgi-bin 目录下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">make nfscpy</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ul>
<li>效果测试</li>
</ul>
<p>我们在开发板中运行 boa 服务器，然后在 ubuntu 主机浏览器输入：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">http://192.168.10.102/cgi-bin/cgictest.cgi</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>若是打开以下页面，则说明 CGI 可以正常使用：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/01HQ%E8%AF%BE%E7%A8%8B%E4%BD%93%E7%B3%BB/LV11-%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%96%B9%E5%BA%93/LV11-02-CGIC%E5%BA%93-01-%E7%A7%BB%E6%A4%8D%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B/img/image-20220905145742103.png" alt="image-20220905145742103" style="zoom:50%;" />

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    <p><span>文章标题:</span><a href="/post/6ea0d6ed.html">LV11-02-CGIC库-01-移植过程</a></p>
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